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In sum, the recent studies of Delaney and Lades (2015).

Goda et al (2015) and Beshears et al (2015) provide

good initial evaluations to address these questions to

better inform policymaking in the context of retirement

savings.

2. Conclusions

Increasing the illiquidity pension schemes may not

increase aggregate contributions because only one

segment of the population has the desire for strict

commitment in order to stick with a previous decided

plan. This highlights the need for further developments

to deal with innocent unsophistication of the naïve

group. Enhancing financial literacy and the access to

professional advice can be potential complementary

mechanisms.

References

Angeletos, G; Laibson, D; Repetto, D; Tobacman, J;

Weinberg, S. (2001). The Hyperbolic Consumption

Model: Calibration, Simulation, and Empirical Evaluation.

Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15 (3), p. 47–68.

Beshears, J; Choi, J; Harris, C; Laibson, D; Madrian, B;

Sakong, J. (2015). Self Control and Commitment: Can

Decreasing the Liquidity of Savings Account Increase

Deposits. NBERWorking Paper Series, No 21474, August.

Available at:

http://www.nber.org/papers/w21474.

Delaney, L; Lades, L. (2015). Present Bias and Everyday

Self Control Failures. Stirling Economics Discussion

Paper, 2015-01, University of Stirling, July. Available

at:

http://www.stir.ac.uk/management/research/

economics/workingpapers.

Ent, M. R; Baumeister, R. F; and Tice, D. M. (2015).

Trait Self-control and the Avoidance of Temptation.

Personality and Individual Differences, 74, p. 12–15.

Goda, G; Levy, M; Manchester, C; Sojourner, A; Tasoff, J.

(2015). The Role of Time Preferences and Exponential-

Growth Bias in Retirement Savings. NBER Working Paper

Series, No 21482, August. Available at: http://www.

nber.org/papers/w21482

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Laibson, D. (1997). Golden Eggs and Hyperbolic

Discounting. Quarterly Journal of Economics, , 62 (2), p.

443–477.

O’Donoghue, Ted; Rabin, M. (1999). Doing It Now or

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O’Donoghue, Ted; Rabin, M. (2001). Choice and

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(1), p. 121–160.

O’Donoghue, Ted; Rabin, M. (2015). Present Bias:

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Available at:

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